By: Gérard Gertoux

Gérard Gertoux — Sun, 23 Nov 2025 14:02:36 +0000

I read your article Who Was Moses? Was He More than an Exodus Hero? very carefully because, as you explain, the historicity of this central event in the Bible is controversial. I would like to bring you a new piece of information that is crucial for historians since, as you know, chronology is the backbone of history. In 2009, I completed a thesis (in French) entitled: Scientific approach to an absolute chronology through synchronisms dated by astronomy (https://iaassyriology.com/author/publisher/page/12/). I then presented a paper at Wolfson College, Oxford, on Saturday, April 25, 2015 (https://oxfordassyriology.wordpress.com/gerard-gertoux-university-of-lyon-2/), entitled: Examination of anachronisms in biblical and Neo-Assyrian chronologies (Assyrian and biblical chronologies: are they reliable?), which was published on HAL open science (https://hal.science/hal-03207471v4). In this article, I have demonstrated (page 7) that, according to the biblical chronology derived from the Masoretic text, the 40 years of Exodus began in 1533 BCE.
For most Egyptologists, there is no evidence of the existence of Moses and the Exodus in Egyptian documents, leading them to conclude that the entire biblical story is a myth. However, according to Egyptian accounts, the last king of the 15th dynasty, named Apopi, “very beautiful” in Hebrew, which was Moses’ birth name (Ex 2:2), reigned for 40 years in Egypt (1613-1573) and met Seqenenre Taa (1544-1533), 40 years later, the last pharaoh of the 17th dynasty who died in May 1533 BCE in dramatic and obscure circumstances (Ps 136:15). The condition of his mummy proves that his body suffered severe injuries and was left abandoned for several days before being mummified. Seqenenre Taa’s eldest son, Ahmose Sapair, who was the crown prince aged about 10, died dramatically and inexplicably shortly before his father (Ex 12:29). Prince Kamose (1533-1530), brother of Seqenenre Taa, served as interim ruler for three years and threatened to attack the former pharaoh Apopi, the new prince of Retenu (Palestine) who took the name Moses when he entered Canaan, according to Manetho, an Egyptian priest and historian in the early 3rd century BCE. In the Storm Stele, Kamose also accuses Apopi of being responsible for all the disasters that befell Egypt (the 10 plagues) and caused many deaths as I show in my book: Moses and the Exodus Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence (https://www.academia.edu/14778076/). This event is described by Egyptologists as a war of liberation by the Egyptians against the Hyksos. The best proof that the “expulsion of the Hyksos” during the reign of Ahmose I, as described on the website of the Biblical Archaeology Society, is a myth, is the total absence of any mention of this founding event of the 18th dynasty in the inscriptions of this pharaoh, as you can read in my response dated July 10, 2024 (https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/news/the-expulsion-of-the-hyksos/).

By: Scott Mccain

Scott Mccain — Fri, 29 Mar 2024 07:16:49 +0000

Do you want the truth about “Moses?” Moses is found in many historical writings but with a different title. In one he is Dhu’l Qarnayn. In Egyptian he is Thoth. The slavery he was born into is describing being born into a society that was trapped in a cave for 1000 years although other writings say 309 years or 420 years. The cave is now called the Cave of Hercules and is located in Tangier, Morocco.
The ten commandments that he found were Poseidons pillar of orichalcum tablets that were on display in Atlantis before its destruction. The Egyptian artifacts found in the pyramids were removed from what was left of Atlantis. Atlantis never sunk after it was destroyed the ocean receded and its remains were scattered across much of the Sahara. Moses began a recovery of what was left around 9,245 B.C. And had the Giza pyramid built to honor Atlantis and to mark the date of its destruction which was in 10,450 B.C. by the Younger Dryas comet that broke apart.

Comments on: Who Was Moses? Was He More than an Exodus Hero?

By: Gérard Gertoux

By: Scott Mccain